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National Endowment for the Humanities
The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent federal agency of the U.S. government, established by the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965 (), dedicated to supporting research, education, preservation, and public programs in the humanities. The NEH is housed at 400 7th St SW, Washington, D.C.;〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Visiting NEH )〕 From 1979 to 2014, NEH was located at 1100 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. in the Nancy Hanks Center at the Old Post Office.
==History and Overview==
The NEH provides grants for high-quality humanities projects to cultural institutions such as museums, archives, libraries, colleges, universities, public television, and radio stations, and to individual scholars. NEH was created in 1965 under the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities, which also included the National Endowment for the Arts and later the Institute for Museum Services, as a move to provide greater investment in culture by the federal government.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=How NEH Got Its Start )〕 NEH was based upon recommendation of the National Commission on the Humanities, convened in 1963 with representatives from three US scholarly and educational associations.〔 The agency creates incentives for excellent work in the humanities by awarding grants that strengthen teaching and learning in the humanities in schools and colleges across the nation, facilitate research and original scholarship, provide opportunities for lifelong learning, preserve and provide access to cultural and educational resources and to strengthen the institutional base of the humanities. As part of its mandate to support humanities programs in every US state and territory, the agency supports a network of private, nonprofit affiliates, the 56 humanities councils in the states and territories of the United States.
The tenth Chair of the NEH is William 'Bro' Adams, formerly president of Colby College in Maine. President Obama nominated Adams on April 4, 2014;〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=President Obama Announces his Intent to Nominate Dr. William "Bro" Adams as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Adams Tapped by President Obama )〕 Adams was confirmed by the Senate in a voice vote on July 9, 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Senate confirms head of US Humanities Endowment )〕 Adams appointed Margaret (Peggy) Plympton as the Deputy NEH Chair in January 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Deputy Chair )〕 Prior to Adams's appointment, the NEH was headed by Acting Chair Carole M. Watson.
The ninth NEH Chair was Jim Leach. President Obama nominated the former Iowa congressman, a Republican, to chair the NEH on June 3, 2009;〔Robin Pogrebin, ("Obama Names a Republican to Lead the Humanities Endowment" ), ''New York Times'', June 4, 2009.〕 the Senate confirmed his appointment in August 2009.〔Robin Pogrebin, ("Rocco Landesman Confirmed as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts" ), ''New York Times'', August 7, 2009.〕 Leach began his term as the NEH Chair on August 12, 2009 and stepped down in May 2013. Between November 2009 and May 2011, Leach conducted the American "Civility Tour" to call attention to the need to restore reason and civility back into politics, a goal that in his words was "central to the humanities." Leach visited each of the 50 states, speaking at venues ranging from university and museum lecture halls to hospitals for veterans, to support the return of non-emotive, civil exchange and rational consideration of other viewpoints. According to Leach, "Little is more important...than establishing an ethos of thoughtfulness and decency of expression in the public square. Words reflect emotion as well as meaning. They clarify—or cloud—thought and energize action, sometimes bringing out the better angels in our nature, sometimes lesser instincts." Since the completion of Leach's Civility Tour, rallies for reasoning politics like Jon Stewart's Rally to Restore Sanity, and grassroots initiatives for pluralistic rationalism in public discourse, have reflected Leach's call for civil, non-emotive and reasoning language between those with disparate religious or political ideologies.〔("St. Paul's atheists are coming out of the closet," Bob Shaw, ''St. Paul Pioneer Press'', August 4, 2014 ). Retrieved August 5, 2014.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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